How China’s Patriotic ‘Honkers’ Became the Nation’s Elite Cyberspies

The article discusses the emergence of China's elite cyberspies, often referred to as "patriotic honkers." It traces the history of these hackers, who began as a group of enthusiastic individuals focused on showcasing their technical skills and defending China's national interests online. Over time, these "honkers" were gradually co-opted by the Chinese state, becoming the backbone of the country's espionage apparatus. The report highlights how the state capitalized on the nationalist sentiments and hacking prowess of these individuals, integrating them into its intelligence operations. The article emphasizes the evolution of these hackers, who transitioned from self-motivated actors to state-sponsored cyber operatives, conducting sophisticated espionage campaigns targeting a range of international entities. It underscores the strategic importance of this talent pool for the Chinese government and its role in enhancing the country's cyber capabilities on the global stage.